How does acoustic foam work and why is it widely used?

What is acoustic foam?

Acoustic foam is a material that has been developed to absorb sound and reduce reverberation. It is often used in environments where good acoustics are important. 

How does acoustic foam work?

Acoustic foam has an open-cell structure that absorbs sound waves and converts the energy into small amounts of heat. This prevents sound from being reflected back and reduces annoying reflections and echoes. As a result, it contributes to better sound quality and a quieter environment. 

Where is acoustic foam applied?

Due to its effective sound-absorbing properties, acoustic foam is used in various situations: 

• Recording studios and home cinemas – Reduces reflections and ensures better acoustics. 
• Industrial environments and technical spaces – Reduces noise pollution from machines and equipment. 
• Home use – Suitable for soundproofing household appliances such as washing machines, heat pumps, and boiler rooms, providing a comfortable living environment.

Acoustic foam vs. sound insulation

A common misconception is that acoustic foam blocks sound. In reality, it absorbs sound within a space, but does not prevent sound from entering from the outside or vice versa. For that, sound insulation is needed, such as mass loaded vinyl or other (sustainable) insulation material. Depending on your situation, a combination of acoustic absorption and insulation may be the best solution. 

Types of acoustic foam

1. Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is an open-cell material that effectively absorbs sound. It is lightweight, flexible, and easy to install. This type of foam is often used in enclosures, machinery, cars, boats, and studios to improve acoustics. Variants such as EASYfoam FireSeal and EASYfoam PU have a moisture and oil-resistant top layer, making them highly suitable for environments where these properties are required.  

2. Noppensponge and Pyramid sponge

Noppenschuim and pyramid foam are forms of polyurethane foam with a specific structure. The nub or pyramid structure increases the contact area with sound waves, which provides effective sound absorption, especially in the mid and high frequency range. Thanks to the open-cell structure, the material dampens reflections and reduces reverberation. This makes it a good solution for applications in recording studios, rehearsal spaces, and home cinemas. 

3. Melamine foam

Melamine foam is a lightweight, open-cell material that possesses excellent sound-absorbing qualities. It is fire-safe and is often used in public buildings, offices, and industrial environments where both acoustic performance and fire safety are important. Pyracoustic melamine foam is an example of this type of foam and is available in versions with flat or bevelled edges for seamless installation.  

How do you choose the right acoustic foam?

The choice of the right acoustic foam depends on various factors: 

• The specific sound issue – Do you want to reduce echo or dampen disruptive sounds?  
• The size and acoustics of the space – The larger the space, the more absorption may be needed.  
• Fire safety requirements and technical specifications – Not every sound-absorbing foam is suitable for every application. 

In public buildings and industrial environments, strict fire safety requirements often apply. Therefore, it is important to consider the specific application, the desired sound absorption, and additional requirements such as fire safety and moisture resistance when choosing acoustic foam. Always check if the material meets the applicable standards and guidelines. If you are uncertain about the right choice, seek advice for a tailored solution. 

Customisation and specific requirements

Acoustic foam is often available in standard sizes but can also be custom-made. This makes processing simpler and more efficient. When choosing the right material, it is wise to seek advice from a specialist, so you can be assured of the best solution for your situation.